Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 1. Head and Neck

Anatomy Atlases(tm) : A digital library of anatomy information

Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 1. Head and Neck

Plate 1.18

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed

Upper Left Quadrant	Lower Left Quadrant	Lower Right Quadrant	Upper Right Quadrant
1. Sphenoid sinus 2. Superior tarsus 3. Internal carotid a. 4. Temporalis m. 5. Temporal bone, zygomatic process 6. Mandibular condylar process, temporomandibular articulation	7. Basilar a. 8. Auricle 9. Mastoid air cells 10. Vertebral a. 11. Medullary pyramid 12. Medullary olive	13. Internal occipital crest 14. Fourth ventricle 15. Corpus medullare of cerebellum 16. Ventral cochlear nucleus 17. Abducens nerve 18. Bony labyrinth, semicircular canal 19. Vestibulocochlear nerve	20. Facial nerve 21. Internal auditory meatus 22. Temporal lobe 23. Trigeminal nerve and ganglion 24. Internal carotid a. 25. Lateral rectus m. 26. Medial rectus m. 27. Basiocciput (clivus) 28. Nasal conchae

This is a section through the temporal lobe (22), cerebellum (15), and medulla oblongata (11, 12). Between the medulla oblongata(11, 12) and cerebellum (15) is the fourth ventricle (14). Within the medulla oblongata, the medullary pyramids (11) are ventrally placed and the medullary olives (12) are dorsal to the pyramids (11). Ventral to the medullary pyramids (11) is the abducens nerve (17), which exits the brain stem at the medulla pons junction. The ventral cochlear nucleus (16) is seen in a dorsolateral position in the medulla. The vestibulocochlear nerve ( 19) enters the medullary pontine junction dorsolaterally. The facial nerve (20) travels in close proximity to the vestibulocochlear nerve (19). Both are seen entering the internal auditory meatus (21). Ventral to the medullary pyramids (11) is the basilar artery (7) lying on the basiocciput (clivus) (27). The vertebral artery (10) is lateral to the medulla. The white matter core of the cerebellum is the corpus medullare of the cerebellum (15). Rostrally in the section are seen the nasal conchae (28). Caudal to the nasal cavity is the spheroid sinus (1). Within the orbital cavity two extraocular muscles are seen: the medial (26) and lateral (25) rectus muscles. The superior tarsus (2) is seen. The temporal lobe (22) is in the middle cranial fossa. Medial to the middle cranial fossa are the trigeminal nerve and ganglion (23) and the internal carotid artery (3, 24). Caudal to the middle cranial fossa is the mandibular condylar process (6). Other structures seen in this section are the semicircular canals in the temporal bone (18), the internal occipital crest (13), mastoid air cells (9), the auricle (8), the zygomatic process of the temporal bone (5), and the temporalis muscle (4).

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