Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus II: Cardiovascular System
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
This study was based on 611 laboratory specimens.
From left to right
Upper 1:Trunk arises from first portion of subclavian artery 297 of 611 sides, 48.6%; 93 right, 204 left.
Upper 2:Trunk arises from second portion of subclavian artery (shaded area); 255 of 611 sides, 41.73%; 187 right, 68, left.
Upper 3:Accessory deep cervical arteries were present in 144 of 611 sides, 23.4%; 55 right, 89 left. Single accessory deep cervical, 133 sides. Dual accessory deep cervicals occurred in 9 sides, triple accessory deep cervicals, I side. These vessels may occur more frequently than our (Dasler and Anson) present study might indicate, owing to loss in dissection.
Upper 4:Costocervical trunk proper, or its deep cervical branch, arose as a branch from the transverse cervical artery; 33 of 611 extremities, 5,40%; 11 right, 22 left. Costocervical trunk proper, 13 of 611 sides, 2.12%; 5 right, 8 left.
Middle 1:Absent costocervical trunk; 30 of 611 extremities, 4.91%; 18 right, 12 left. Both branches from subclavian artery, 24 sides. Deep cervical from subclavian, superior intercostal from internal thoracic, 6 sides.
Middle 2:Trunk arises from third portion of subclavian artery; 6 of 611 extremities; 1.0%; 4 right, 2 left.
Middle 3:Superior intercostal artery arises as direct branch of internal thoracic artery; 6 of 611 sides, 1.0%; 4 right, 2 left.
Middle 4:Trunk arises as branch of vertebral artery; 5 of 611 sides, 0.81 %; 2 right, 3 left.
Lower 1:Trunk arises as branch of suprascapular artery; 2 of 611 sides, 0.32%; both left.
Lower 2:Trunk arises as branch of inferior thyroid artery; 1 of 611 sides, 0.16%; right side.
Lower 3:Costocervical trunk arising as direct branch of aortic arch between left common carotid and subclavian arteries; 1 of 611 sides, 0.16%; left side.
Lower 4:Trunk arises as branch of thyrocervical trunk; 1 of 611 sides, 0.16%; left side.
redrawn from Daseler and Anson.
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