Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus II: Cardiovascular System
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
The usual development of the right superior vena cava is seen, from the dorsal surface, in A. The developmental series of the persistent, doubled left superior vena cava is seen in B, C, and D. Note that the interpretation of the structural features of the present case requires the duplication of the coronary sinus (CS) by longitudinal splitting (C, D) during development. Av: azygos vein. CS: coronary sinus. GCV: great cardiac vein. HAV: hemiazygos vein. IVC: inferior vena cava L: left side. LSVC: left superior vena cava. MV; middle vein. OV: oblique vein (of Marshall). PA: pulmonary artery. PV: pulmonary vein. R: right side. SVC: superior vena cava.
from Sahinoglu, Cassell, Miyauchi and Bergman, 1994
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