Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus II: Cardiovascular System
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
A: Showing multiple renal arteries, malformation of both kidneys, and malposition of the right kidney. The pelvis of the ureter on the left side is ventral in position.
B: Showing multiple renal arteries, with malposition and malformation of both kidneys. On each side the pelvis of the ureter lies on the ventral aspect of the kidney. The two kidneys are united near their lower extremities by a fibrous band, which passes in front of the aorta immediately above its bifurcation.
C: Showing multiple renal arteries, and union of the two kidneys to form a well-marked horseshoe-shaped kidney. The pelvis of each ureter is situated on the ventral surface of the corresponding kidney.
From Young, A. H. and R Thompson. Abnormalities of the renal arteries, with remarks on their development and morphology. J. Anat. Physiol. 38:1-14, 1904.
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