Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus II: Cardiovascular System
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
Upper left: All three lymphatic trunks are shown to end separately near the right venous angle.
Upper middle:A right lymphatic duct is formed by the union of the jugular and subclavian trunks, but the latter trunk branches and ends independently.
Upper right: All three major ducts unite to form a right lymphatic duct.
from Poirier and Charpy
Some variations in the formation of the thoracic duct. In the upper left, the cisterna chyli (c) is largely dilated lumbar trunks, in lower right, the cisterna chyli is an anastomotic network (a). In the upper left, a derivative of the right lumbar trunk pierces the right crus of the diaphragm (arrow), upper right, a similar vessel passes behind the crust a - anastomotic network; c - cisterna chyli; i - intestinal trunk; l - lumbar trunk; n - lymph nodes; 12 - T 12; 11 - T 11.
from Jossifow, 1905.
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