Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus I: Muscular System: Alphabetical Listing of Muscles: E
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
Wood reported the muscle in 4 male subjects out of 36. In three instances the muscle was bilateral, and in one on the left side only. It is possible that the difference between the two studies may not be mathematical but due possibly to different, geographically isolated, or circumscribed, gene pools rather than to "racial" differences.
Macalister found the following variations for this "little muscle (that is) frequently overlooked." Mr Wood (1868) found it four times in thirty-six subjects (three times in both arms. and once in the left arm only). Wood also found it once in 1867 (in thirty-six subjects), and once in 34 subjects in 1866. The average frequency would be once in every five subjects. Macalister found it sixteen times in sixty-three subjects. The frequency is then about forty-eight in two hundred. Its origin is from the back of the medial condyle of the humerus, and may be
It usually runs backward, with a slight downward obliquity, and always covers the ulnar nerve. The ulnar nerve may, under certain conditions, undergo compression compromising structures innervated by this large and important peripheral nerve supplying one and "one-half" muscles in the forearm and usually, most of the intrinsic hand muscles except those of the thenar eminence and a few others. Its existence was noticed by Koster who named it Anconeus quintus. See also Triceps brachii and Flexor carpi ulnaris.
Epitrochleoanconeus.
from Gruber, 1867
References
Gruber, W. (1866) Über die muskel epitrochleo-anconeus des menschen und den Saugethieren. Mem. Imp. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg. 1866:1-26.
Macalister, A. (1875) Additional observations on muscular anomalies in human anatomy (third series), with a catalogue of the principal muscular variations hitherto published. Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. Sci 25:1-134.
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