Anatomy Atlases: Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus III: Nervous System: Sympathetic Division: Lumbar Ganglia

Anatomy Atlases(tm) : A digital library of anatomy information

Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus III: Nervous System: Sympathetic Division

Lumbar Ganglia

Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed

Although there are usually four lumbar ganglia, the number may vary from three to eight. When there are fewer than four ganglia they tend to be larger than "usual."

Image 74

References

Cowley, R.A. and G.H. Yeager. (1949) Observations on the lumbar sympathetic nervous system. Surgery 25:880-890.

Cruveilhier, J. (1851) Traité d'Anatomie Descriptive, 3rd ed., G. Doin & Cie., Paris.

Edwards, E.A. (1951) Operative anatomy of the lumbar sympathetic chain. Angiology 2:184-198.

Henle, J. (1868) Handbuch der Systematischen Anatomie des Menschen. von Friedrich Veweg und Sohn, Baunschweig.

Jackson, C.M., Ed. (1933) Morris' Human Anatomy, 9th ed., P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Inc., Philadelphia.

Kopsch, F. (1908) Rauber's Lehrbuch der Anatomie des Menschen. Georg Thieme, Leipzig.

Latarjet, A. (1948) Testut's Traité d'Anatomie Humain, 9th ed., G. Doin & Cie., Paris.

Perlow, S. and K.L. Vehe. (1935) Gross anatomy of the stellate and lumbar sympathetic ganglia. Am. J. Surg. 30:454-458.

Schaefer, E.A., Symington, J. and T.H. Bryce., Eds. (1915) Quain's Anatomy, 11th ed., Longmans, Green, and Co., London.

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