Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus IV: Organ Systems: Male Genital System
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
Apart from variations in size, the prostate is subject to few variations. Persistence of the original independence of the lateral lobes, absence of the middle lobe, and presence of a fourth lobe have been reported. Variations in the relations and mode of ending of the ejaculatory ducts (fusion into a single canal, or termination in the prostatic utricle or by a special canal below the crest) or in the prostatic utricle (absence, enlarged size, or unusual opening) are related to deviations in the development of the generative tract.
References
Godard, E. (1859) Note sur l'absence congénitale du canal excréteur et du réservois de la semence, le testicule existant. Soc. Biol. Comptes Rendus des Séances et Mémoires. 11:329-342.
Griffiths, J. (1889) Observations on the anatomy of the prostate. J. Anat. Physiol. 23:374-386.
Luschka, H., von. (1865) Das vordere Mittelstück der Prostata und die Aberration desselben. Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. Klin. Med. 34:592-597.
Pallin, G. (1901) Beiträge zur Anatomie und Embryologie der Prostate und der Samenblasen. Arch. f. Anat. Physiol. und Entwickelungegeschichte 1901:135-176.
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