Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus IV: Organ Systems: Digestive System and Spleen
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
The submandibular gland has been found intimately associated with or fused with the sublingual gland; its bilateral absence has also been reported.
The sublingual gland has a variable relation to the mandible.
Accessory or isolated groups of cells are found in the oral cavity. They have been reported in the crypts of the palatine tonsils, the soft palate, hard palate, cheeks and lips. These are primarily mucous secretory cells similar to those found in the sublingual and submandibular glands.
References
Anson, B.J., Ed. (1966) Morris' Human Anatomy, 11th ed. The Blakiston Division, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
Gruber, W. (1885) Congenitaler Mangel beider Glandulae submaxillares bei einem wohlgebildeten, erwachsenen Subjecte. Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. Klin Med. 102:9-11.
Nayak, U.V. and A.A. Ayyar. (1927) Anomalies in the development of salivary glands. J. Anat. 61:261-262.
Pardi, F. (1907) Sur une rare variété de la glandula sublingualis dans l'espèce humaine. Le ductus sublingualis major s. Batholini et la glandula sublingualis monostomatica s. Barrtholini de l'homme. Arch. Ital. Biol. 47:493-494.
Probsba-Mackiewicz, M. and Szostakiewica-Sawicka. (1973) Remarks on the position of the sublingual salivary gland in relation to the mandible. Folia Morphol. (Warsaw) 32:149-164.
Rose, B. (1932) Bifurication of the submaxillary duct. Am. J. Surg. 17:257-258.
Schaefer, E.A., Symington, J. ans T.H. Bryce., Rds. (1915) Quain's Anat., 11th ed., Longmans, Green, and Co., London.
Sperino, G. (1903) Absence congenitale de la glande submaxillaris dans sa place normale; sa transposition au-dessus du m. mylo-hyoideus; fusion partielle de cette glande avec la glandula sublingualis. Arch. Ital. Biol. 40:318.
Turner, W. (1870) Note on a case of displacement of the submaxillary glands. J. Anat. Physiol. 4:147.
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