Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus IV: Organ Systems: Digestive System and Spleen
Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
Variations in the size of the tongue have been reported (microglossia and marcoglossia). Because of the embryological origin of the thyroid gland at the base of the tongue, thyroid cysts and tumors may be located in the tongue around the foramen cecum, In one study, this was reported to have occurred in 3 of 800,000 patients. See thyroid for additional cases.
The tongue may be doubled.
References
Bell, H.G. and R.G. Miller. (1948) Congenital macroglossia: Report of two cases. Surgery, 24:125-133.
Janse, H.M. (1930) Macroglossia with an associated micrognatia causing respiratory difficulty. Ann. Otol., Rhin., Laryng. 39:99-101.
Kohl, E. (1921) Zungenkropf. Schweitzer Med. Wochenschrift 51:361-374.
Montgomery, M.L. (1934) Congenital fistula of the body of the tongue. Ann. Surg. 100:68-73.
Tate, M.P. (1903) Case of double tongue. Cincinnati Lancet-Clinic 1:330.
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