Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 3. Middle Thorax (Heart and Lungs)

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Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 3. Middle Thorax (Heart and Lungs)

Plate 3.6

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed

Upper Left Quadrant	Lower Left Quadrant	Lower Right Quadrant	Upper Right Quadrant
1. Heart, right atrium 2. Internal thoracic a. 3. Rib 4, right upper lobe, anterior segment 4. Pectoralis major m. 5. Rib 5 6. Horizontal fissure 7. Rib 6	8. Lung, right middle lobe, lateral segment 9. Lung, right oblique fissure, esophageal plexus, and right vagus nerve 10. Rib 7 11. Thoracodorsal a., v., and nerve 12. Latissimus dorsi m. 13. Serratus anterior 14. Lung, right lower lobe, superior segment, and rib 8 15. Esophagus 16. Spinal nerve root and radiate ligament 17. Costovertebral articulation and vertebra T8 18. Azygos vein 19. Trapezius m. 20. Anterior longitudinal ligament	21. Spinal cord 22. Supraspinous ligament and tip of spinous process, T6 23. Spinous process, T7, and theca 24. Inferior articular process, zygapophyseal joint 25. Semispinalis dorsi m. 26. Multifidus m. 27. Thoracic disk 8 28. Radiate ligament 29. Lung, left lower lobe, anterior medial basal segment, and thoracic aorta 30. Intercostal a. and v. 31. Lung, left lower lobe, lateral basal segment, esophageal plexus, and left vagus nerve 32. Long thoracic nerve, lateral thoracic a. and v., and bronchioles 33. Pulmonary a., brs. 34. Latissimus dorsi m. and thoracodorsal a., v., and nerve. 35. Thoracodorsal a. and serratus anterior m.	36. Lung, left upper lobe, lower division (lingular), inferior segment, and coronary sinus 37. Lung, left oblique fissure, and middle and small cardiac vv. 38. Mitral valve and circumflex br., left coronary a. 39. Phrenic nerve and pericardiacophrenic a. 40. Lung, left upper lobe, upper division, anterior segment, myocardium, and left ventricle 41. Pericardial fat 42. Chordae tendineae and papillary m. 43. Left ventricular cavity 44. Anterior interventricular br., left coronary a. 45. Cardiac notch 46. Right ventricle 47. Articular cavity 48. Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) 49. Coronary a., right 50. Anterior mediastinum, fat, and sternum, body

This section passes through thoracic vertebra 8 (17), its costovertebral articulation (17), its zygapophyseal joint (24), and the spinous process of T7 (23). It cuts ribs 8 (14), 7 (10), 6 (7), 5 (5), and 4 (3).

In the middle mediastinum, the right coronary artery (49), right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) (48), right ventricle (46), anterior interventricular (left anterior descending) branch of the left coronary artery (44), left ventricular myocardium (40), chordae tendineae and papillary muscle (42), circumflex branch of the left coronary artery (38), mitral valve (bicuspid) (38), middle and small cardiac veins (37), the coronary sinus (36), right atrium (1), and pericardial fat (41) are seen. The pericardiacophrenic artery and phrenic nerve (39) are identified.

On the left side, the left bronchopulmonary segments identified are the left upper lobe, upper division, anterior (40); left upper lobe, lower division (lingular), inferior (36); left lower lobe, lateral basal (31); and left lower lobe, anterior medial basal (29).

On the right side, the right bronchopulmonary segments identified are the right lower lobe, superior (14); right middle lobe, lateral (8); and right upper lobe, anterior (3).

In the posterior mediastinum, the esophagus (15), azygos vein (18), thoracic aorta (29), and the right (9) and left (31) vagus nerves.

The anterior mediastinum contains fat (50).

Pectoralis major (4); serratus anterior (13) and its blood and nerve supply, the lateral thoracic artery and vein (32) and long thoracic nerve (32); and latissimus dorsi (12, 34) and its blood and nerve supply, the thoracodorsal artery, vein, and nerve (11, 34) are shown.

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