Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Paul M. Heidger,
Jr., Ph.D.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed
Human, 10% formalin, H. & E., A., B., C., 238 x.
Compare and recognize the differences between (A) the smaller, oval, multipolar sympathetic ganglion cells with eccentric pale nuclei, and (B) the many significantly larger, round, pseudounipolar dorsal root ganglion cells with central nuclei. These ganglion cells are completely surrounded by a single row of small cells called satellite cells.
The sympathetic ganglion cells belong to the autonomic nervous system. They are motor neurons that, for example, innervate and activate smooth muscle of the vascular system and stimulate cells of the adrenal medulla to secrete their hormones, giving rise to an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. The dorsal root ganglion cells are strictly related to sensory receptors located in peripheral tissues, which provide an information link between external environmental conditions and the individual organism.
Nodes of Ranvier* are produced by the termination of the cytoplasm of two adjacent Schwann* cells, which wrap around axons forming myelin sheaths. See Plate 103.
*Ranvier was a nineteenth-century French pathologist and Schwann was a nineteenth-century German histologist.
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