Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 3. Middle Thorax (Heart and Lungs)

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Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 3. Middle Thorax (Heart and Lungs)

Plate 3.7

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed

Upper Left Quadrant	Lower Left Quadrant	Lower Right Quadrant	Upper Right Quadrant
1. Rib 5 and heart, right atrium 2. Lung, right middle lobe, medial segment 3. Pectoralis major m. 4. Opening of inferior vena cava into right atrium 5. Rib 5 6. Phrenic nerve and pericardiacophrenic a. 7. Lung, right middle lobe, lateral segment, and right lung, oblique fissure 8. Lung, right lower lobe, anterior basal segment, and rib 6	9. Rib 7 10. Intercostal neurovascular bundle 11. Serratus anterior m. 12. Latissimus dorsi m. 13. Rib 8 14. Lung, right lower lobe, lateral basal segment 15. Lung, right middle lobe, medial basal segment 16. Lung, right middle lobe, medial segment 17. Lung, right lower lobe, posterior basal segment, and esophagus 18. Rib 9 19. Lateral costotransverse ligament 20. Joint cavity and tubercle of rib 9 21. Transverse process 22. Azygos v. 23. Trapezius m. (last appearance) 24. Anterior longitudinal ligament	25. Spinous process, T8 26. Vertebra, T9 27. Trapezius m. (last appearance) and thoracic aorta 28. Longissimus m. 29. Lung, left lower lobe, posterior basal segment 30. Pleural cavity and lung, left lower lobe, lateral basal segment 31. Lung, left lower lobe, anterior medial basal segment, and esophageal plexus, vagus nerve 32. Pulmonary vessels and bronchioles 33. Thoracodorsal a. and nerve 34. Lung, left upper lobe, lower division, (lingular), inferior segment	35. Lung, left lower lobe, anterior medial basal segment 36. Pericardial cavity 37. Great cardiac v. and circumflex br., left coronary a. 38. Lung, left upper lobe, lower division (lingular), superior segment, and left ventricular myocardium 39. Phrenic nerve and pericardiacophrenic a. 40. Pericardial fat 41. Lung, left upper lobe, lower division (lingular), superior segment 42. Coronary sulcus 43. Circumflex br., left coronary a. 44. Left ventricular cavity 45. Coronary sinus 46. Anterior interventricular br., left coronary a. 47. Heart, right ventricle 48. Internal thoracic a. and v. 49. Rib 5 50. Right atrioventricular valve, tricuspid 51. Anterior mediastinum and sternum, body

This section passes through the ninth thoracic vertebra (26), costotransverse articulation (21) and joint (20), the spinous process of the eighth thoracic vertebra (25), and, anteriorly, the body of the sternum (51). It cuts ribs 9 (18), 8 (13), 7 (9), 6 (8), and 5 (1, 5, 49).

In the middle mediastinum, the right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) (50), right ventricle (47), anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary (left anterior descending) artery (46), coronary sinus (45), coronary sulcus (42), pericardial fat (40), left ventricular myocardium (38), pericardiacophrenic artery and phrenic nerve (39), great cardiac vein and circumflex branch of the left coronary artery (37), and the pericardial cavity (36) are seen.

On the left side, the left lung bronchopulmonary segments seen in this section include the left upper lobe, lower division (lingular), superior (41); left lower lobe, anterior medial basal (35); left upper lobe, lower division (lingular), inferior (34); left lower lobe, anterior medial basal (31); and the left lower lobe, lateral basal (30).

On the right side, the bronchopulmonary segments found include the right lower lobe, posterior basal (17); right middle lobe, medial (16); right middle lobe, medial basal (15); right lower lobe, lateral basal (14); right lower lobe, anterior basal (8); and the right middle lobe, lateral (7) and medial (2).

The esophagus (17), azygos vein (22), thoracic aorta (27), and the esophageal plexus of the vagus nerve (31) are seen. The trapezius muscle (23, 27) makes its last appearance on the left side in this section.

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