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Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 3. Middle Thorax (Heart and Lungs)

Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 3. Middle Thorax (Heart and Lungs)

Plate 3.3

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed


Plate 3.3

Upper Left Quadrant

Lower Left Quadrant

Lower Right Quadrant

Upper Right Quadrant

1. Rib 3
2. Right atrium
3. Lung, right upper lobe, anterior segment, and superior vena cava
4. Pleural cavity
5. Right pulmonary a.
6. Rib 4
7. Pectoralis major m.
8. Pectoralis minor m.
9. Lateral thoracic a. and v.
10. Bronchus, right
11. Ribs

12. Lung, right upper lobe, posterior segment
13. Right pulmonary v.
14. Rib 6
15. Long thoracic nerve and thoracodorsal a. and v.
16. Latissimus dorsi m.
17. Serratus anterior m.
18. Teres major m.
19. Scapula, inferior angle
20. Rib 7
21. Rhomboideus major m.
22. Intercostal neurovascular bundle
23. Lung, right lower lobe, superior segment, and esophagus
24. Levator costae m.
25. Intercostal v.
26. Trapezius m.
27. Azygos v.
28. Dorsal root ganglion in intervertebral foramen
29. Thoracic duct
30. Spinal cord

31. Interspinous ligament
32. Ligamentum flavum and vertebral body, T7
33. Inferior and superior articular processes, zygapophyseal joint
34. Multifidus m.
35. T7 spinal nerve root and hemiazygos v.
36. Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior layer
37. Longissimus thoracis m.
38. Thoracic aorta
39. Pericardium
40. Scapula, inferior angle; insertion of serratus anterior m.
41. Teres major m.
42. Bronchus, left
43. Lung, left lower lobe, superior segment
44. Left pulmonary w.

45. Intercostal mm. and left interlobar (oblique) fissure
46. Lung, left upper lobe, upper division, apical posterior segment, and left pulmonary v.
47. Left atrium
48. Pericardiacophrenic a. and phrenic nerve
49. Left coronary a.
50. Left anterior descending a. and v.
51. Lung, left upper lobe, upper division, anterior segment
52. Right ventricle
53. Internal thoracic a. and v.
54. Ascending aorta, semilunar valve fragments and aortic sinus (of Valsalva)
55. Right coronary a.
56. Sternum, body

This section passes through the lower third of the seventh thoracic vertebra (32), the zygapophyseal joint (33) with its superior and inferior articular processes, the interspinous ligament (31), and the body of the sternum (56) anteriorly. It cuts ribs 7 (20), 6 (14), 5 (11), 4 (6), and 3 (1). On the left side, the right coronary artery (55), ascending aorta (54), right ventricle (52), left anterior descending coronary artery and vein (50), left coronary artery (49), pericardiacophrenic artery and phrenic nerve (48), and left atrium (47) are seen. The thoracic aorta (38) and hemiazygos vein (35) are also seen. The section cuts the left lung, upper lobe, upper division, anterior (51); the left upper lobe, upper division, apical posterior (46); and the left lower lobe, superior (43) bronchopulmonary segments.

On the right side, the superior vena cave (3), right pulmonary artery (5), lateral thoracic artery and vein (9), thoracodorsal artery and vein (15), primary division of the right bronchus (10), and the esophagus (23) can be identified. The following right bronchopulmonary segments have been identified: right lower lobe, superior (23); right upper lobe, posterior (12); and right upper lobe, anterior (3).

A dorsal root ganglion in the intervertebral foramen (28), an intercostal neurovascular bundle (22), and the nerve supply to the serratus anterior muscle (17), the long thoracic nerve (15), is seen.

The teres major muscle (18, 41) makes its last appearance in this section.

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