Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 5. Lower Thorax (Lungs) and Abdomen

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Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 5. Lower Thorax (Lungs) and Abdomen

Plate 5.2

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed

Upper Left Quadrant	Lower Left Quadrant	Lower Right Quadrant	Upper Right Quadrant
1. Falciform ligament of liver 2. Transversus thoracis m. 3. Peritoneal cavity 4. Ribs 5. Pectoralis major m. 6. Lung, right middle lobe medial segment 7. Diaphragm 8. Pleural cavity 9. Serratus anterior m. 10. Liver, caudate lobe	11. Liver, right lobe 12. Serratus anterior m. and rib 8 13. Coronary ligament of liver and lung, right lower lobe anterior basal segment 14. Coronary ligament of liver and inferior vena cava 15. Rib 9 16. Lung, right lower lobe lateral basal segment 17. Diaphragm 18. Rib 10 19. Suprarenal gland 20. Abdomen and perirenal fat 21. Lung, right lower lobe posterior basal segment 22. Thoracic duct 23. Azygos v. 24. Intervertebral disk, T10 T11 25. Superior articular process, T1 1, and zygapophyseal joint 26. Spinal cord and denticulate ligament	27. Supraspinous ligament 28. Vertebral arch, T10, and internal vertebral venous plexus 29. Thoracic aorta 30. Rib 11 and hemiazygos v. 31. Longissimus m. 32. Pleural cavity 33. Pleural cavity 34. Rib 10 and lung, left lower lobe posterior basal segment 35. Diaphragm 36. Inferior phrenic a. and v. 37. Latissimus dorsi m. 38. Rib 9 and spleen 39. Lung, left lower lobe anterior medial basal segment 40. Lung, left upper lobe (lingula) inferior segment	41. Serratus anterior m. and rib 8 42. Diaphragm 43. Stomach and esophageal stomach junction 44. Rib 7 45. Liver, left lobe (hepatic appendix, beaver tail) 46. Colon 47. Lung, left upper lobe (lingula) superior segment 48. Pectoralis major m. and diaphragm 49. Thoracic anterior mediastinal fat 50. Rib 5 51. Internal thoracic a. and v. 52. Rib 6 53. Abdomen and rectus abdominis m. 54. Hepatogastric ligament 55. Xiphoid process, with perforation

This transitional section passes through both thorax and abdomen and the tenth thoracic vertebral disk. It passes through the arch of the tenth thoracic vertebra (28) and the superior articular process of the eleventh vertebra (25). It cuts the fifth (50), sixth (52), seventh (44), eighth (41), ninth (38), tenth (34), and eleventh (30) ribs.

The right suprarenal gland (19) and the serratus anterior muscle (12, 41) appear for the first time, and pectoralis major muscle (5, 48) is not seen below this level. The thoracic aorta (29) is seen flanked by the hemiazygos (30) and azygos (23) veins.

The cut passes through the esophageal stomach junction (43) and it grazes the superficial layers of the colon (46). The spleen (38) can be seen adjacent to the stomach (43).

This cut includes portions of the diaphragm (7, 17, 35, 42, 48). The coronary (13, 14), falciform (1), and hepatogastric (54) ligaments are also seen.

This section includes portions of the lungs located in the recesses between the dome-shaped diaphragm and body wall. The following segments of the lungs have been identified: left upper lobe (lingula) superior (47), left upper (lingula) inferior (40), left lower lobe anterior medial basal (39), left lower lobe posterior basal (34), right lower lobe posterior basal (21), right lower lobe lateral basal (16), right lower lobe anterior basal (13), and right middle lobe medial (6).

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