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Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 7. Lower Limb

Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Section 7. Lower Limb

Plate 7.6

Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S.
Peer Review Status: Externally Peer Reviewed


Plate 7.6

Upper Left Quadrant

Lower Left Quadrant

Lower Right Quadrant

Upper Right Quadrant

1. Suprapatellar bursa
2. Articularis genu m.
3. Vastus medialis m.

4. Tendon m. adductor magnus
5. Saphenous nerve
6. Sartorius m.
7. Great saphenous v.
8. Tendon m. gracilis
9. Semimembranosus m.

10. Tendon m. semitendinosus
11. Popliteal a. and v.
12. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
13. Tibial and common peroneal nerves
14. Biceps femoris (short head) m.

15. Lateral intermuscular septum
16. Planum popliteum of femur (popliteal surface)
17. Iliotibial tract (Maissiat's band)
18. Femur
19. Vastus lateralis m.
20. Vastus intermedius m.
21. Tendon m. quadriceps

This section is three sections (3 cm) below the preceding one.

This section passes through the popliteal surface (planum popliteum) formed by the divergence of the lateral and medial lips of linea aspera. In this section, the suprapatellar bursa (1) is seen for the first time. This bursa is located between the anterior surface of the lower end of the femur and the quadriceps tendon. It communicates with the joint cavity.

Vastus intermedius muscle (20) is composed of lamellae superimposed concentrically around the shaft of the femur. The deepest and most distal of these is called the articularis genu muscle (2). The fiber bundles of this layer are inserted into the capsule of the joint, or onto the superior margin of the patella, and ultimately, through the patellar ligament, onto the tuberosity of the tibia.

The saphenous nerve (5) is entirely sensory and supplies the skin on the medial side of the leg and foot via medial crural and infrapatellar branches.

The fasciae of the thigh and lower limb, in general, are well developed. The fascia lata encloses the muscles of the back of the hip and thigh and is especially strong on the lateral side, where it includes the longitudinal band of connective tissue fibers known as the iliotibial tract (17). From the fascia lata, strong intermuscular septa( 15) extend beneath the quadriceps group of muscles (3, 19, 20, 21) from the lateral and medial sides to join the periosteum of the femur.

Note that gracilis (8), semitendinosus (10), and adductor magnus (4) muscles are largely tendinous in this cut.

This cut ends the middle and lower thigh series. The next series of sections pass through the knee joint.

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